Fertility Drugs Do Not Increase Risk Of Ovarian Cancer, Study Shows

The use of fertility drugs does not increase a woman's risk of developing ovarian cancer, finds a large study.
Source: ScienceDaily: Latest Science News | 10 Feb 2009 | 4:00 am

Long-sought Protein Structure May Help Reveal How 'Gene Switch' Works

The bacterium behind one of mankind's deadliest scourges, tuberculosis, is helping researchers at move closer to answering the decades-old question of what controls the switching on and off of genes that carry out all of life's functions.
Source: ScienceDaily: Latest Science News | 10 Feb 2009 | 4:00 am

Impact Of Narcotics Is Greater On Mentally Ill

Narcotics have an irreversible effect on the brains of people already suffering from mental illness, according to new research. According to this research, some 33 to 50 percent of psychiatric patients also suffer from drug addiction.
Source: ScienceDaily: Latest Science News | 10 Feb 2009 | 4:00 am

Mother Whales Teach Babies Where To Eat: Can Southern Right Whales Adapt If Food Becomes Scarce?

Biologists have discovered that young right whales learn from their mothers where to eat, raising concern about their ability to find new places to feed if Earth's changing climate disrupts their traditional dining areas.
Source: ScienceDaily: Latest Science News | 10 Feb 2009 | 4:00 am

Laser-sculpted Optical Devices For Future Giant Telescopes

Th emerging field of astrophotonics shows promise in analyzing light from the night sky. Future telescopes, with mirrors half the size of a football field, will need special components to deal with the light they collect. Astronomers are turning to photonic devices that guide and manipulate light inside specially-designed materials. The greatest potential may lie in a laser-based technique that carves out micron-sized light pathways in three dimensions.
Source: ScienceDaily: Latest Science News | 10 Feb 2009 | 4:00 am

New Treatment Hope For Prostate Cancer

Scientists have developed a potential new treatment for patients with prostate cancer. They have produced a monoclonal antibody to a unique tumor marker for the treatment of prostate cancer.
Source: ScienceDaily: Latest Science News | 10 Feb 2009 | 4:00 am

Personalized Nano-Medicine? Scientists Can Predict Nano Drug Outcome

Scientists have successfully predicted the outcome of a nano drug on breast tumors in a pre-clinical study. Their research could help with personalize medicine by determining which patients will respond best to cancer-fighting nano drugs.
Source: ScienceDaily: Latest Science News | 10 Feb 2009 | 1:00 am

Predicting Diversity Within Hotspots To Enhance Conservation

Hotspots of threatened biodiversity comprise a huge chunk of the Earth, presenting a daunting challenge to governments and scientists who want to study them, let alone protect them from development. A new strategy can help identify the hotspots within hotspots critical for study and conservation. The strategy employs climate models to assess past species distribution to identify climatically stable regions likely to harbor undocumented endemism.
Source: ScienceDaily: Latest Science News | 10 Feb 2009 | 1:00 am

Strategies To Overcome Blood-brain Barrier

The blood-brain barrier remains a major obstacle to the successful delivery of drugs to treat central nervous system disorders, reports Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology News.
Source: ScienceDaily: Latest Science News | 10 Feb 2009 | 1:00 am

How Many Dimensions In The Holographic Universe?

Scientists are trying to understand the mysteries of the holographic principle: How many dimensions are there in our universe? Some of the world's brightest minds are carrying out research in this area -- and still have not succeeded so far in creating a unified theory of quantum gravitation is often considered to be the "Holy Grail" of modern science.
Source: ScienceDaily: Latest Science News | 10 Feb 2009 | 1:00 am

Scientists Heartened at Prospect of End to Stem Cell Ban (HealthDay)

HealthDay - MONDAY, Feb. 9 (HealthDay News) -- Researchers are rejoicing over President Barack Obama's anticipated lifting of the eight-year ban on embryonic stem cell research imposed by his predecessor, President George W. Bush.
Source: Yahoo! News: Science News | 9 Feb 2009 | 2:02 pm

Saving Hawaii From Alien Plants (LiveScience.com)

LiveScience.com - This Behind the Scenes article was provided to LiveScience in partnership with the National Science Foundation.
Source: Yahoo! News: Science News | 9 Feb 2009 | 2:00 pm

30 Mummies Found in 4,600-Year-Old Tomb

A tomb containing 30 mummies was likely a storeroom for sarcophagi.
Source: Discovery News Top Stories : Discovery Channel | 9 Feb 2009 | 1:56 pm

Mythic Birthplace of Zeus Said Found

The Greek god of thunder and lightning had Earthly beginnings, and scientists think they know where.
Source: Livescience.com | 9 Feb 2009 | 1:53 pm

30 mummies found in newly discovered tomb in Egypt (AP)

In this photo released Monday, Feb. 9, 2009 by Egypt's Supreme Council of Antiquities, Egypt's top archaeologist Zahi Hawass, left, and an unidentified worker, sit near a newly-discovered Egyptian mummy in a sarcophagus in a tomb at Saqqara, south of Cairo, in Egypt, Sunday, Feb. 8, 2009. Egyptian archaeologists say they have discovered 30 mummies inside a 2,600-year-old tomb, discovered at an even more ancient site dating back to the 4,300-year-old 6th Dynasty, in the latest round of excavations at the vast necropolis of Saqqara south of Cairo. (AP Photo/Supreme Council of Antiquities)AP - A storehouse of 30 Egyptians mummies has been unearthed inside a 2,600-year-old tomb, in a new round of excavations at the vast necropolis of Saqqara outside Cairo, archeologists said Monday.



Source: Yahoo! News: Science News | 9 Feb 2009 | 1:51 pm

Kuwait appoints fifth oil minister in three years (AFP)

A Kuwaiti employee looks at at the al-Rawdatain oil field, 2005. OPEC giant Kuwait appointed Sheikh Ahmad Abdullah al-Sabah, a senior member of the ruling family, as permanent oil minister, the fifth in three years.(AFP/File/Yasser al-Zayyat)AFP - OPEC giant Kuwait on Monday appointed Sheikh Ahmad Abdullah al-Sabah, a senior member of the ruling family, as permanent oil minister, the fifth in three years.



Source: Yahoo! News: Science News | 9 Feb 2009 | 12:20 pm

Britain set for more snow (AFP)

Heavy snowfalls force traffic to a crawl on the road to Luton Airport in north London on February 5, 2009. A winter storm is set to hit Britain later on Monday, bringing heavy rain and snow and likely to cause further disruptions on the roads and rail.(AFP/File/Max Nash)AFP - A winter storm is set to hit Britain later on Monday, bringing heavy rain and snow and likely to cause further disruptions on the roads and rail.



Source: Yahoo! News: Science News | 9 Feb 2009 | 11:35 am

Enchanted Isles

Retracing Darwin's footsteps in the Galapagos Islands
Source: BBC News | Science & Environment | UK Edition | 9 Feb 2009 | 9:44 am

Selectionism can only take us so far

The question: What are the limits of Darwinian explanations?

Natural selection can't possibly account for everything in evolution any more than human selection can account for everything in a chihuahua.

Selection only works where there is a given range of candidates. Selectionist theorists take this range for granted, treating the selectees as if they were indefinite, passive objects with no natural tendencies of their own. But (as helpful scientists have lately pointed out) at every stage, from the initial molecules to the most complex living organisms, these participants are themselves specific, active entities.

They are primed to move positively in a particular range of directions and are capable of determining its details. For instance, a particularly enterprising mouse which suddenly decides to move into a new valley can defeat the best-laid plans of its former evolutionary pressures. And we can see that an alien observer might well suppose that it would be quite easy to turn a person into a kangaroo or a chihuahua into a slug. But in fact no amount of selection will achieve these feats. The moral is that the tendencies of the materials present are every bit as important in evolution as the selective forces.

It is not surprising that Darwin overlooked this. No scientist can be expected to notice more than one enormous new aspect of things at a time. He did say, emphatically, that natural selection was not the only cause of evolutionary changes and he was very cross when people kept misrepresenting his views on this.

In fact, he made it clear that he had never meant to exalt selection – as Daniel Dennett claims – into a kind of "universal acid", a nostrum with unbridled powers. This was a kind of sweeping, magical thinking which never tempted him. He did indeed, think that it was the main cause of change, and this is not very surprising when you consider that no other possible ones had yet been suggested. But he made it clear that he was always unhappy about the apparent inadequacy of this cause to explain the whole range of actual effects. When he said that thinking about the problem of the peacock's tail made him feel positively sick he was clearly expressing this deep uneasiness – this sense that the change was too large to be explained in such a way. No doubt this is why he always remained interested in the idea of inheritance of acquired characteristics, which would have added an extra way of facilitating change. And it is surely clear that, if anyone had begun to suggest other new possible explanations, he would have been extremely interested.

The way in which this one-sided exclusiveness has been hardened into dogma is remarkable and does seem to need some explanation. I suspect that the supposed passivity of the candidates for selection flatters the control-freakery of those speculating about these things. Lyell did point out that this unbalanced approach can't be right, asking why Darwin only seemed to have noticed the third member of the Hindu trinity, Shiva, the destroyer? Why wasn't he interested in Brahma the creator and Vishnu the preserver?

The question still remains and is, of course, a solid scientific problem, never mind Lyell's mythical language. In fact, it is the mythical aspect of Darwin's Shiva that has received the most emphasis, with plenty of talk about nature red in tooth and claw, etc. The literal, empirical aspect of the other two questions is only now beginning to get some serious scientific attention. Let's hope that this balance can finally be restored.

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Source: Evolution, genetics, medicine, physics & astronomy news | guardian.co.uk | 9 Feb 2009 | 9:00 am

Darwin's limits

This week marks the bicentenary of Darwin's birth. His remarkable achievements will be celebrated with great fanfare: testament to the impact his thinking has had on every subsequent generation.

That impact has, of course, spread much further than his own field of zoology. From social Darwinism, more or less contemporary with On the Origin of Species, to later developments such as evolutionary psychology, aspects of Darwin's theories have been used as the starting point for explanations of many differents kinds of phenomena.

Obviously, evolution is true; obviously natural selection accounts for a great deal. But is it really a universal organising principle which can explain all the interesting features of the world around us?

Monday's response

Mary Midgley: Darwin made it clear that he never meant to exalt selection into a kind of 'universal acid'

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Source: Evolution, genetics, medicine, physics & astronomy news | guardian.co.uk | 9 Feb 2009 | 9:00 am

Cannabis doubles testicular cancer risk, says US study

Young men who smoke marijuana are more likely to develop an aggressive form of testicular cancer than those who have never tried the drug, a study has found.

Smoking the drug at least once a week, or using it regularly from adolescence, doubled the risk of a fast-growing form of the disease called nonseminoma, which tends to strike men in their 20s and 30s, researchers said.

The US study is the first to find evidence of a link between cannabis and testicular cancer, which is the most common type of cancer among British men aged 20 to 44. More than 1,900 new cases of the disease are diagnosed in the UK each year, but it responds well to treatment, with nine in 10 men surviving.

The findings suggest that smoking the drug before the age of 18 raises the cancer risk by coaxing immature cells in the testes to become tumours later in life.

Scientists at the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Centre in Seattle investigated the possibility of a link after learning that the testes were one of the few organs in the body to contain receptors for the main psychoactive substance in the drug, tetrahydrocannabinol (THC). There has also been a rise in testicular cancer cases that has mirrored the rise in marijuana use since the 1950s, they said.

"Our study is not the first to suggest that some aspect of a man's lifestyle or environment is a risk factor for testicular cancer, but it is the first that has looked at marijuana use," said Stephen Schwartz, an epidemiologist and author on the study.

The researchers asked 369 testicular cancer patients if they had any history of marijuana use. A further 979 healthy men were asked about their use of the drug.

After accounting for any family history of the cancer and lifestyle factors, such as smoking and drinking alcohol, the study found cannabis use emerged as a significant, separate risk factor for the disease.

Being an existing cannabis user raised the risk of cancer by 70%, while men who had used the drug regularly from puberty were twice as likely to develop the disease than those who had not used the drug.

Men naturally produce a cannabinoid-like substance that is thought to protect the testes against tumours. But smoking cannabis may disrupt this and so raise the risk of cancer, the study speculates.

Ecstasy remains class A

The home secretary will reject calls to downgrade ecstasy to a class B drug this week in a move that risks igniting a fresh row with its own drug advisers. Jacqui Smith will be urged to remove ecstasy from the class A category, which it shares with heroin, in a report to be published on Wednesday by the government's Advisory Council on the Misuse of Drugs. The report follows a year-long ACMD review of the health risks associated with ecstasy after a request by the all-party science and technology committee. The Home Office has made it clear it has no intention of reclassifying the drug. In January, the government upgraded cannabis to class B, against ACMD advice.

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Source: Evolution, genetics, medicine, physics & astronomy news | guardian.co.uk | 9 Feb 2009 | 5:00 am

Back to life

Darwin's Kent home restored for his bicentenary
Source: BBC News | Science & Environment | UK Edition | 9 Feb 2009 | 1:34 am

'Silver sensation' seeks cold cosmos

The European Space Agency's Herschel observatory is finished and ready to go into orbit, to study the processes that form stars and galaxies.
Source: BBC News | Science & Environment | UK Edition | 9 Feb 2009 | 1:17 am

Study Suggests Why Gut Instincts Work

Sometimes when you think you're guessing, your brain may actually know better.
Source: Livescience.com | 9 Feb 2009 | 1:08 am

Science Weekly: Love by numbers

Luisa Dillner, from the British Medical Journal, joins the pod to analyse the statistics behind relationships. That's the subject of her book Love By Numbers.

In the newsjam, we discuss Ray Kurzweil's new university backed by Google and Nasa, and we also look at 'Google Ocean'.

We hear from Dr Jonathan Bloch who's discovered the largest snake ever to have slithered the earth.

Science correspondent Ian Sample and James Randerson get some relationship advice in the studio.

Feel free to post your comments about this programme on the blog below.

You can also join our Facebook group, where you can scrawl your thoughts on our wall.

Extended audio extracts

Luisa Dillner: 'Internet dating works'
Singularity University: 'They almost self-fulfil that prophecy'
Google Ocean: 'There's lots of climate change data in there'
Giant snake: 'More than a tonne, the length of a school bus'


Source: Evolution, genetics, medicine, physics & astronomy news | guardian.co.uk | 9 Feb 2009 | 12:11 am

Scans reveal mummy's secrets

New hospital scanning techniques have revealed details about the mummified corpse of a 3,000-year Egyptian female singer, without opening her casket.

The images, which go on display for the first time today at Chicago's Oriental Institute Museum, show the remains of Meresamun - a singer priestess at a temple in Thebes in 800BC. The scans may help settle a debate among Egyptologists about the sex lives of such singers.

Meresamun was buried in an elaborately decorated casket which has never been opened. It bears her name, her role as a singer and the inscription "she lives for Amun" (an Egyptian god).

Dr Emily Teeter, from the museum, said: "There is ongoing scholarly debate about whether women who held the title Singer in the Interior of the Temple were, on account of their temple duties, celibate. One specific goal of the most recent CT examination was to determine whether Meresamun had given birth. The evidence was inconclusive."

Dr Michael Vannier, professor of radiology at the University of Chicago, who examined the scans, said they reveal "no convincing evidence of child bearing". He added: "There is no evidence of pre-mortem bony trauma."

In the first ever use of a 256-slice scanner on a mummy, the scans show that Meresamun's eyes were decorated with jewels or pottery. They also reveal that her teeth, though worn down, show no sign of decay. "Remarkably all the teeth are present. [There is] no evidence of tooth decay or periodontal disease (the principal cause of tooth loss in modern humans)," Vannier wrote.

Earlier attempts to carry out scans of Meresamun's caskets in 1989 and 1991 produced only blurry images. It was thought they showed what could have been a tumour on her throat that may have killed her. The new images suggest that swelling around the neck was resin used by the funeral embalmers. The cause of her death, at about the age of 30, remains unknown.

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Source: Evolution, genetics, medicine, physics & astronomy news | guardian.co.uk | 9 Feb 2009 | 12:01 am

Endangered bird of prey could be released into the wild across England

One of Britain's most endangered birds of prey, the hen harrier, could be released into the wild on farmland, heaths and moors across England next year, after decades of persecution by gamekeepers.

Hen harrier numbers have fallen to perilously low levels in England, with just 10 breeding pairs counted last year. Once common across the country, it now survives chiefly on protected moors around the Forest of Bowland in Lancashire.

Naturalists fear the bird is on the edge of extinction in England; its decline blamed chiefly on systematic persecution on shooting moors in the Pennines and the Peak District where the harriers prey on grouse chicks. In Scotland, where persecution is also a significant issue, there are about 630 breeding pairs.

Natural England, the government conservation agency, is now drafting plans to reintroduce the bird into its former ranges on lowland farms, heathland and upland areas such as Dartmoor, the New Forest and Exmoor within the next two years.

The agency aims to unveil detailed proposals for their release in early April, having quietly floated the plans over the last few months with environment ministers and organisations involved in bird conservation, moorland and country sports.

Martin Howat, who chairs Natural England's hen harrier recovery project, said the species would "very rapidly" recolonise much of the English countryside if the persecution stopped. "It's not a species struggling as a species," he said. "It's struggling in the face of adversity."

The project is the latest in a series of bird of prey reintroduction programmes across the UK, including a successful project to repopulate several regions of England with red kite.

Its numbers have soared after it was released in the Chilterns, west of London, Harwood House near Leeds and, most recently, in the Derwent valley near Gateshead.

The agency is also in the final stages of finding sites in East Anglia to release the UK's largest bird of prey, the sea eagle. The bird, described as the "flying barndoor" because of its 3m (9ft) wingspan, has recolonised large areas of Scotland, but has recently been blamed for reducing sheep numbers in the west Highlands.

Natural England officials hope to win approval and funding for the hen harrier project and then find a range of different sites for their release over the next year. If the programme goes ahead, the birds could be brought over from France or possibly Scotland.

The proposal is being tentatively welcomed by conservationists and grouse moor owners, but landowners are worried the bird could interfere with pheasant and partridge shooting estates in southern England. The move could also alarm farmers already unhappy with the surge in numbers of buzzards, sparrowhawks and red kites.

The Royal Society for the Protection of Birds has asked Natural England for reassurance that the agency will continue to campaign against bird of prey killing on northern England grouse moors, even if the reintroduction programme goes ahead.

Stephen Tapper, from the Game and Wildlife Conservation Trust, which works closely with grouse moor owners, said: "In general, we support a reintroduction of some sort, but not necessarily on farmland but other areas of upland. Grouse moor interests will be quite pleased, saying 'let's establish them somewhere else. Why are we expected to have all the hen harriers in England?' "

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Source: Evolution, genetics, medicine, physics & astronomy news | guardian.co.uk | 9 Feb 2009 | 12:01 am

Welcome to the Science Book Club

You are never alone with a book. You share your solitude with the author and an invisible network of silent companions: all those who have read the same book or are one day going to do so.

The only catch is that at some point in this extraordinary communion of print, paper and silence you may want to look up and say "Hey, have you read this?" and there won't be anyone there to say "Yes! I loved that bit!"

This may be why an estimated 50,000 formal and informal book clubs or reading groups meet in the UK: reading is something you do alone, but in the company of friends that you have yet to make. Books don't just furnish a room, sooner or later they invite in new acquaintances for a chat.

However, the more precise the passion – whether it's for Ancient Roman histories, the memoirs of 18th century libertines, the confections of the Bloomsbury set, studies of quantum electrodynamics or the evolution of consciousness – the more detailed will be your questions, and the more distant your fellow readers.

A science book club is inevitably an exercise in companionship at arm's length, or even a great deal further, because readers bring to the text very different levels of expertise and awareness.

Terry Pratchett or JRR Tolkien fans start from the same place: none of them has been to Discworld, or seen a Hobbit. But admirers of Richard Dawkins or Steve Jones or Steven Rose may or may not have a background in evolutionary biology, genetics or neuroscience. One reader might have started with a background in banking and a wistful interest in physics, got hooked on the intellectual adventure of cosmology and then begun to ask the great question: if life started here, does it exist in other galaxies? And if life is inevitable, is consciousness? What is life anyway?

Another may have started out as a lover of romantic poetry, followed a brilliant biographer through his lives of Shelley and Coleridge and then naturally marvelled at the achievements of Banks and Herschel in Richard Holmes's latest book The Age of Wonder, and begun to ask: how do you identify a new species? Where do stars come from? How do I even begin to find out?

Science book enthusiasts really can help each other. The catch is that theirs a minority addiction, and even the definition of a science book is a slippery one. The internet might have been made for a science book club in which its members share their thoughts about a particular book and help each other out with definitions, interpretation, cross-references and helpful beginner's guides, and now – smack in a new age of wonder, 200 years after the birth of Charles Darwin – seems a good time to start one.

Inevitably, we start with evolution. What else could we do, 150 years after the publication of On the Origin of Species? But we should not start with Darwin himself, or any of the dozens of books about the man published in the last few years. It is the science that should launch a science book club, not the individual. Both Steve Jones with his book Almost Like a Whale and Richard Dawkins with The Ancestor's Tale have in very different ways imposed modern discovery on Victorian research, and would make great candidates, but with the licence of an inaugural convenor, I propose a work with even wider scope.

Richard Fortey's Life: An Unauthorised Biography is a work steeped in the scientific revolution launched by Darwin, but it incorporates the great early science that preceded and influenced Darwin. It has another virtue as the first text for a new book club: it is unashamedly literary. Fortey is a geologist and palaeontologist with a long career at the Natural History Museum, but his book is rich in references to Yeats and Jaroslav Hašek, Orwell and Evelyn Waugh, Gerard Manley Hopkins and the Just So Stories.

A good science book doesn't have to be great literature. We read it not to be dazzled by words, tropes, allusions and plays upon words but instead to understand the world it describes. Clarity counts, literary cleverness is at a discount.

But Fortey's book draws from literature's arsenal naturally but with restraint to pull together the big picture, the whole story, the astounding epic that began with the arbitrary, unpredictable accretion of dust in a hot, hostile sphere around a young star 4.5 billion years ago, and ends with the first domestication of plants and animals by human tribes somewhere in the Fertile Crescent at the end of the last ice age. Darwin and Darwin's scholarship is at the heart of the book, but the adventure begins with the birth of the solar system and ends with the emergence of settled human society.

This is pre-history with a vengeance: an awesome, sprawling, mysterious story inevitably based on incomplete evidence and cautious conjecture, one that demands not just scholarship, experience and insight, but some of the instincts of an epic poet, and perhaps some of the sardonic impatience of an Edward Gibbon (a storyteller who doesn't get a mention, although Goethe, Gulliver, Thomas Gray and Goya all do).

I reviewed Life: An Unauthorised Biography for the Guardian when it first appeared in 1997. I loved it immoderately then and I picked it up a dozen years later and loved it even more. I loved it, from its long, beautiful opening essay about the search for fossil trilobites on a beach in Spitsbergen, to its concluding imagery a Las Vegas gambling hall, with the reminder that all things alive on earth now are the outcome of a series of unpredictable throws of the genetic dice – random mutations laid on the gaming table of natural selection. "Like the vast ranks of gamblers at Las Vegas who come away with nothing, most mutations also lead to nothing," writes Fortey.

I'd defy anybody to read this book and come away with nothing, but we'll see. You tell me, and better still, tell all those others that we cannot see, and have yet to meet, but who will all bring their own insights to this.

Tim will open discussion of the book on Monday 9 March

guardian.co.uk © Guardian News & Media Limited 2009 | Use of this content is subject to our Terms & Conditions | More Feeds


Source: Evolution, genetics, medicine, physics & astronomy news | guardian.co.uk | 9 Feb 2009 | 12:00 am

Bushfires and warming: is there a link?

Scientists are reluctant to link ­individual weather events to global warming, because natural variability will always throw up extreme events. However, they say that climate change loads the dice, and can make severe episodes more likely.

Some studies have started to say how much global warming contributed to severe weather. Experts at the UK Met Office and Oxford University used computer models to say man-made climate change made the killer European heatwave in 2003 about twice as likely. In principle, the technique could be repeated with any extreme storm, drought or flood – which could pave the way for lawsuits from those affected.

Bob Brown, a senator who leads the Australian Greens, said the bushfires showed what climate change could mean for Australia.

"Global warming is predicted to make this sort of event happen 25%, 50% more," he told Sky News. "It's a sobering reminder of the need for this nation and the whole world to act and put at a priority our need to tackle climate change."

Models suggest global warming could bring temperature rises as high as 6C for Australia this century, if global emissions continue unabated, with rainfall decreasing in the southern states and increasing further north. As if to demonstrate that, Queensland, in the north, is currently experiencing widespread flooding after rainfall of historic proportions.

More than 60% of Queensland has been declared a disaster zone in the worst floods for more than 30 years. Some 3,000 homes have been affected, and the main highway between Cairns and Townsville has been cut off.

Roger Stone, a climate expert at the University of Southern Queensland, said: "It certainly fits the climate change models, but I have to add the proviso that it's very difficult, even with extreme conditions like this, to always attribute it to climate change."

The fires and floods come as politicians gear up to negotiate a new global deal to combat climate change, to replace the Kyoto protocol. Australia plans a comprehensive carbon trading scheme, but green campaigners last year accused Kevin Rudd's government of a "betrayal" when it pledged to reduce emissions by a modest 5-15% by 2020.

Professor Mark Adams, from the Bushfire Cooperative Research Centre, said the extreme weather conditions that led to the bushfires are likely to occur more often.

"The weather and climatic conditions recently don't augur well for the future. Bushfires are an important and going to be ever-present part of the landscape," he said.

Australia is in the grip of the worst drought in a century, which has stretched for more than seven years in some areas and has forced restrictions on water use in the country's big cities.

A government-commissioned report on climate change last year warned that exceptionally hot years, which used to occur once every 22 years, would occur every one or two years, virtually making drought a permanent part of the Australian environment.

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Source: Evolution, genetics, medicine, physics & astronomy news | guardian.co.uk | 8 Feb 2009 | 4:56 pm

Water delay

Chinese scheme to divert Yangtze River is four years late
Source: BBC News | Science & Environment | UK Edition | 8 Feb 2009 | 4:05 pm

Pipe dream

Zimbabwe shows health hazards of unclean water
Source: BBC News | Science & Environment | UK Edition | 8 Feb 2009 | 4:05 pm

Modest Lunar Eclipse Monday Morning (SPACE.com)

SPACE.com - A modest eclipse of the moon will occur early Monday morning, Feb 9. The outer portion of Earth's shadow will cover part of the moon, causing a slight darkening of the moon.
Source: Yahoo! News: Science News | 8 Feb 2009 | 4:03 pm

On Darwin's 200th, a theory still in controversy (AP)

Director Bob Bloomfield poses for a portrait by the statue of British naturalist Charles Darwin ahead of an interview with the Associated Press at the Natural History Museum in London, Thursday, Feb. 5, 2009. Bloomfield, special projects director at the museum,  said Darwin was cautious not only because he didn't want to offend his wife, but also because he understood that the concept of man's evolution from other animals was controversial. He didn't want to present it simply as a hypothesis, but as an explanation buttressed by many observations and facts. The 1859 publication of 'On the Origin of Species' changed scientific thought forever — and generated opposition that continues to this day. It is this elegant explanation of how species evolve through natural selection that makes Darwin's 200th birthday on Feb. 12 such a major event.   (AP Photo/Akira Suemori)AP - It's well known that Charles Darwin's groundbreaking theory of evolution made many people furious because it contradicted the Biblical view of creation. But few know that it also created problems for Darwin at home with his deeply religious wife, Emma.



Source: Yahoo! News: Science News | 8 Feb 2009 | 12:58 pm